Core Principles
Understanding the difference between Formative and Summative Assessment
The thrust of formative assessment is toward improving learning and instruction. Wiliam & Black's research indicates that improving learning through assessment depends on five, deceptively simply, key factors:
Summative assessment refers to the valid and reliable professional judgment teachers make when they gather evidence of student learning and use performance/curriculum standards to provide a final grade. This type of assessment should be consistent, meaningful, supportive of learning and accurate.
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"The purpose of feedback isn't improving student's work. The purpose of feedback is to improve the student."
Dylan Wiliam, Mr Barton's Math Podcast "School isn't about accumulating points. Whether it says much about their learning or not. Our job as educators is to prepare students as independent, self-directed, reflective learners...which traditional assessment can't do."
Ken O'Connor, How to Grade for Learning |